In a study published in Science Advances, researchers explored the potential impact of artificial intelligence on creativity within creative industries like writing. Led by Anil Doshi from University College London and Oliver Hauser from the University of Exeter, the study involved approximately 300 non-professional writers. These participants were assessed for creativity using a psychological test before being randomly assigned to write stories about adventures in different settings.
The experiment involved three groups: one received no AI assistance, another received a basic story idea from ChatGPT, and a third group received up to five AI-generated story ideas. After completing their stories, participants and external reviewers evaluated the creativity, enjoyability, and potential publishability of the stories.
Results indicated that AI assistance boosted individual writers' creativity by about 10% on average and increased the enjoyability of the stories by 22%, particularly enhancing structural elements and plot twists. Interestingly, the most significant improvements were observed among writers initially judged to be less creative, suggesting AI could level the playing field in creative endeavors.
However, the study also found that AI-assisted stories tended to resemble each other more closely than those without AI, as writers relied heavily on suggested ideas, raising concerns about a potential decline in collective artistic novelty. This phenomenon, described as a "social dilemma" by Hauser, could simplify entry into creative fields but might limit overall artistic diversity over time.
Doshi highlighted parallels with early exposure to calculators hindering basic arithmetic skills, suggesting that integrating AI tools into creative workflows should enhance rather than replace human creativity. The study encourages thoughtful consideration of how and when AI tools are used to balance innovation with preserving individual artistic voices.
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